Linux Up Skill - Day 16
Time to work through lesson 16 of the Linux Up Skill Challenge. Today’s lesson is called “Archiving and compressing.” I feel like I am already familiar with Tar and GnuZip so this should be a pretty quick one. Let’s dive in!
The lesson starts with a discussion on tar and gzip which is a nice refresher to actually think about the different parts of the process. I had no idea tar was originally short for tape archive, that’s neat! It also covers what the common switches cvzf each do. Today’s tasks include:
- Check the resource links to better understand today’s lesson.
- Use tar to create an archive copy of some files and check the resulting size.
- Run the same command, but this time use the -z to compress – and check the file size.
- Copy your archive to /tmp and extract each there to test that it works.
The first link talks about 18 tar commands to learn. The first thing that catches my eye is bz2, which is something I have not used previously. It looks like it could greatly come in handy when trying to package a huge number of log files. Next it talks about using tar to decompress and extract. I have always used unrar to decompress and extract in the past. So I’ll have to pay close attention to try and use untar instead through the lesson. The second link in the lesson just gives more examples of how to use tar.
Time now to log onto my server. I have a number of image files under /home/david/images from a previous lesson. That should be a fine test to archive.
david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -cvf test-tar-7-11-2022.tar images/ images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -cvzf test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz images/ images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -cvjf test-34-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 images/ images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# ls day5description.txt test testfile images test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz test-tar-7-11-2022.tar j test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 tuesday.txtSo I made the files easily enough. That I’m familiar with. What was the next step? Oh yeah I was suppose to check on the file size. I remember from the link that I can use the tar command to check on file size. Lets do that instead of ls -la. The link says you should use tar -czf filename | wc -c to check the size but this gives me a rather funny error of:
david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -czf test-tar-7-11-2022.tar | wc -c tar: Cowardly refusing to create an empty archive Try 'tar --help' or 'tar --usage' for more information.Well I see my problem I think. I missed a character in my last command.
david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -czf - test-tar-7-11-2022.tar | wc -c 2322163 david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -czf - test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz | wc -c 2322597 david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# tar -czf - test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 | wc -c 2352263My compression seems to have not shrunk the size of my archive. Probably because I was using compressed images to begin with. Let’s move on to copying the archive files and extract them again.
david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cp test-tar-7-11-2022.tar /tmp/ david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cp test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 /tmp/ david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cd tmp bash: cd: tmp: No such file or directory david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cd /tmp/ david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# ls snap.lxd systemd-private-d1b3e5f26c924d11b8145debfba2cb36-apache2.service-Ijf6kg systemd-private-d1b3e5f26c924d11b8145debfba2cb36-ModemManager.service-4etjIi systemd-private-d1b3e5f26c924d11b8145debfba2cb36-systemd-logind.service-CYUQ9i systemd-private-d1b3e5f26c924d11b8145debfba2cb36-systemd-resolved.service-eo5iKh systemd-private-d1b3e5f26c924d11b8145debfba2cb36-systemd-timesyncd.service-IwuMch test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 test-tar-7-11-2022.tardavid@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cp test-tar-7-11-2022.tar test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 /tmp/ david@linux-up-skill:/home/david# cd /tmp/ david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# ls test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 test-tar-7-11-2022.tar david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# tar -xvf test-tar-7-11-2022.tar images images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# ls /tmp/images/ '2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png' '2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png' '2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png' 323.jpg_large.jpg '2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png' obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg '2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png' video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg '2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png' david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# rm -r images/ david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# tar -xvf test-2-tar-7-11-2022.tar.gz images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.png david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# rm -r images david@linux-up-skill:/tmp# tar -xvf test-3-tar-7-11-2022.tar.bz2 images/ images/323.jpg_large.jpg images/2022-04-09 06_03_34-.png images/video_image-CiaNV9giv6.jpeg images/2022-04-28 07_52_09-.png images/2022-03-21 15_20_43-.png images/2022-06-02 06_10_50-.png images/obi-wan-kenobi-meme.jpg images/2022-06-01 19_13_03-.png images/2022-03-24 16_09_55-.pngWell that was a great refresher on archiving. Lots of fun!